It is sometimes desirable to initialize a key pair generator object using algorithm-specific semantics. For example, you may want to initialize a DSA key generator for a given set of parameters p, q and g, or an RSA key generator for a given public exponent. Java provides the KeyPairGenerator class. This class is used to generate pairs of public and private keys. To generate keys using the KeyPairGenerator class, follow the steps given below. The KeyPairGenerator class provides getInstance method which accepts a String variable representing the. The following are Jave code examples for showing how to use initialize of the java.security.KeyPairGenerator class. You can vote up the examples you like. Your votes will be used in our system to get more good examples. Of course the default way - for instance in PGP - is to store the private key encrypted using password based encryption. This however requires a storage. The advantage of that approach is that you can have a fully random key, which means that without access to the key storage, brute force attacks against cipher texts are impossible.
The Java KeyGenerator class (javax.crypto.KeyGenerator) is used to generate symmetric encryption keys.A symmetric encryption key is a key that is used for both encryption and decryption of data, by a symmetric encryption algorithm. In this Java KeyGenerator tutorial I will show you how to generate symmetric encryption keys.
Contents
- 3. Saving the Keys in Binary Format
- Source Code
1. Introduction
Let us learn the basics of generating and using RSA keys in Java.
Java Pair Type
Java provides classes for the generation of RSA public and private key pairs with the package java.security. You can use RSA keys pairs in public key cryptography.
Public key cryptography uses a pair of keys for encryption. Distribute the public key to whoever needs it but safely secure the private key.
Public key cryptography can be used in two modes:
Encryption: Only the private key can decrypt the data encrypted with the public key.
List Pair Java
Authentication: Data encrypted with the private key can only be decrypted with the public key thus proving who the data came from.
2. Generating a Key Pair
First step in creating an RSA Key Pair is to create a KeyPairGeneratorfrom a factory method by specifying the algorithm (“
RSA
” in this instance):![List pair java List pair java](/uploads/1/2/6/1/126130779/566746995.png)
Initialize the KeyPairGenerator with the key size. Use a key size of 1024 or 2048. Currently recommended key size for SSL certificates used in e-commerce is 2048 so that is what we use here.
Java Key Pair Generator With Password Key
From the KeyPair object, get the public key using getPublic() and the private key using getPrivate().
3. Saving the Keys in Binary Format
Save the keys to hard disk once they are obtained. This allows re-using the keys for encryption, decryption and authentication.
What is the format of the saved files? The key information is encoded in different formats for different types of keys. Here is how you can find what format the key was saved in. On my machine, the private key was saved in
PKCS#8
format and the public key in X.509
format. We need this information below to load the keys.3.1. Load Private Key from File
After saving the private key to a file (or a database), you might need to load it at a later time. You can do that using the following code. Note that you need to know what format the data was saved in: PKCS#8 in our case.
3.2 Load Public Key from File
Load the public key from a file as follows. The public key has been saved in X.509 format so we use the X509EncodedKeySpec class to convert it.
![Random pair generator Random pair generator](https://www.informationbuilders.com/sites/default/files/files/UserForumMisc/java_keypair_image_4.png)
4. Use Base64 for Saving Keys as Text
Java Key Pair Generator With Password Generator
Save the keys in text format by encoding the data in Base64. Java 8 provides a Base64 class which can be used for the purpose. Save the private key with a comment as follows:
And the public key too (with a comment):
Java Key Pair Generator With Password Key
5. Generating a Digital Signature
As mentioned above, one of the purposes of public key cryptography is digital signature i.e. you generate a digital signature from a file contents, sign it with your private key and send the signature along with the file. The recipient can then use your public key to verify that the signature matches the file contents.
Here is how you can do it. Use the signature algorithm “
SHA256withRSA
” which is guaranteed to be supported on all JVMs. Use the private key (either generated or load from file as shown above) to initialize the Signatureobject for signing. It is then updated with contents from the data file and the signature is generated and written to the output file. This output file contains the digital signature and must be sent to the recipient for verification.6. Verifying the Digital Signature
The recipient uses the digital signature sent with a data file to verify that the data file has not been tampered with. It requires access to the sender’s public key and can be loaded from a file if necessary as presented above.
The code below updates the Signature object with data from the data file. It then loads the signature from file and uses Signature.verify() to check if the signature is valid.
And that in a nutshell is how you can use RSA public and private keys for digital signature and verification.
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Source Code
Go here for the source code.
The Java KeyGenerator class (
javax.crypto.KeyGenerator
) is used to generate symmetric encryption keys. A symmetric encryption key is a key that is used for both encryption and decryption of data, by a symmetric encryption algorithm. In this Java KeyGenerator tutorial I will show you how to generate symmetric encryption keys. Creating a KeyGenerator Instance
Before you can use the Java
KeyGenerator
class you must create a KeyGenerator
instance. You create a KeyGenerator
instance by calling the static method getInstance()
passing as parameter the name of the encryption algorithm to create a key for. Here is an example of creating a Java KeyGenerator
instance: This example creates a
KeyGenerator
instance which can generate keys for the AES encryption algorithm. Initializing the KeyGenerator
After creating the
KeyGenerator
instance you must initialize it. Initializing a KeyGenerator
instance is done by calling its init()
method. Here is an example of initializing a KeyGenerator
instance: The
KeyGenerator
init()
method takes two parameters: The bit size of the keys to generate, and a SecureRandom
that is used during key generation. Generating a Key
Once the Java
KeyGenerator
instance is initialized you can use it to generate keys. Generating a key is done by calling the KeyGenerator
generateKey()
method. Here is an example of generating a symmetric key: Right 1